The trapezoidal shape of the chart represents the side-view your mouth. Let me just call your attention to the letters and , which are not simply the sideways versions of the corresponding major vowel. Vowel charts can be extremely useful when learning the vowels of a foreign language. the English and Cantonese vowels. But they will mean nothing to you unless you are able to develop a strong awareness of your mouth. ISBN: 978-0-521-65236-0. Saved in plain svg. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. 0000200448 00000 n On this site, we use a straightforward and consistent system to write Cantonese in the Latin alphabet. The diagram below is called a vowel chart. King (1969 : 194-200) , in an early discussion of push-chains within the context of generative phonology, understood a push-chain as always involving a … You put the Chinese text (in traditional or simplified or jyutyping notation) in the left box then press double click play and in the right box you'll hear the text pronounced. The present study attempted to test the postulate that sounds of a foreign language that are familiar can be produced with less accuracy than sounds that are new to second language (L2) learners. The first two formant frequencies (F1 and F2) were obtained from the 11 English monophthong vowels produced by 40 Cantonese–English (CE) bilingual and 40 native American … Anger versies: Afgeleide werken van dit bestand: Cantonese vowel chart.svgnone Um den qualitativen Eigenarten der Produkte genüge zu tun, messen wir bei der Auswertung eine Vielzahl an Eigenschaften. Cantonese vowels using a scale of 1 – 10, with 1 indi-cating the most distant, and 10 the closest between . Click on any pinyin sound in the chart, and listen to the audio in all four tones. Tone with the highest pitch is 1; tone with the lowest pitch is 4. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the. Egal wieviel du beim Begriff The vowel chart recherchieren wolltest, findest du bei uns - sowie die besten The vowel chart Erfahrungen. Fichier d’origine (Fichier SVG, nominalement de 980 × 720 pixels, taille : 13 Kio). Cantonese phonology: | | | This article is part of |the series| on | | ... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the … The vowel chart - Bewundern Sie dem Liebling unserer Tester. This image is a derivative work of the following images: Cliquer sur une date et heure pour voir le fichier tel qu'il était à ce moment-là. Interactive IPA Chart. The number of tones in Cantonese is widely debated (between 6 and 9); however, much of the literature reports six tones:1. o high falling, o middle rising, o middle level, o low falling, o low rising, and o low level. In particular, there is no way to know whether some transitional phonetic sound, intermediate between £ and ji, is ever involved. When you sing, you do not just pronounce the word but also add a pitch to it; the pitch would change … (252 × 193 pixels, file size: 3 KB, MIME type: User:AbdealiJKTravis/logs/Category Ogg sound files, copyrighted, dedicated to the public domain by copyright holder, released into the public domain by the copyright holder, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cantonese_vowel_chart.png&oldid=454317048, Vowel charts obsoleted by SVG replacement, Vowel charts without a specified language family, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, I, the copyright holder of this work, release this work into the, {{Information| |Description=IPA vowel chart for. English: Cantonese diphthong chart. The vowel chart - Der TOP-Favorit . A main vowel can be long or short, depending on vowel length. Cantonese (Revision) On page 59 of the Handbook , under "Vowels," the word ‘to whittle’ should be transcribed with mid tone, viz. 0000198638 00000 n For example, there is a language called Khmu spoken in parts of Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and China. There is lots of variation in how these sounds are said depending on the language and context. Cantonese tones chart. All vowels are long in final position. Production of the English vowels in Cantonese and Japanese children Wong Yik Ching 7 back vowels /u ʊ/ and mid back vowel /ɔ/, missing the mid and low back vowels /ʌ ɒ ɑ/. Long vowels. The vowel length further affects the Upper Entering tone. This page lets you hear the sounds that the symbols represent, but remember that it is only a rough guide. In the present study, a physiological equivalent of the Cantonese vowel chart was developed based on objective measurement of tongue positions by using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). Now fixed. This Cantonese learning tool allows you to enter Cantonese text and hear it read aloud. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0 Date: 27 September 2014, 18:51:50: Source: Own work, Based on the vowel chart in "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", chapter "Chinese (Hong Kong Cantonese)". Here they are, in the yellow rows, alongside the major vowels and the same IPA vowel chart you saw above. Mid: e: ø. (previous page) Abercrave ... Cantonese diphthong chart.svg 890 × 737; 21 KB. Une page de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. The best way to learn the tone system is to memorize the sound of the tone. ISBN: 978-0-521-65236-0. 0000200448 00000 n On this site, we use a straightforward and consistent system to write Cantonese in the Latin alphabet. The finer details of the push-chain mechanism must remain a matter of speculation. Upon completion . Jump to navigation Jump to search. Rounded . study, a physiological equivalent of the Cantonese vowel chart was devel-oped based on objective measurement of tongue positions by using elec-tromagnetic articulography (EMA). There are 6 different tones in Cantonese. CANTONESE VOWEL SHIFT It is convenient to make use of some traditional notions in discussing historical Chinese phonology. As for the central vowels, there are two in Cantonese, i.e., the mid central /ɵ/ and low central /ɐ/, but there is only one in English, i.e., the mid central /ɜ/ or /ɝ/. So when you’re looking at a German vowel chart that puts German /ɔ/ on the open-mid line, you can’t be sure that the line means exactly the same thing as the open-mid line on the English vowel chart. half-long vowels relative to those for the long vowels may be considered as a case of vowel undershoot of the “bull’s eye formant pattern” [4] which is associated with the longer vowels (approximately 350 ms in the case of the Cantonese long vowels) in the optimal context of the (C)V: F 2 F 1 From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. ISBN: 978-0-521-65236-0. This is the third video in a four-part series on Cantonese pronunciation. 0000192085 00000 n 0000194976 00000 n tone marks on top of the first vowel in the final . Whole texts can be entered in the left box. Since this model is created based on research data , it was affected by vowel centralization , thus it looks slightly different with the model you would see in theory . Just imaging you are singing is a good way to understand tones. A Cantonese syllable usually consists of an initial (onset) and a final (rime/rhyme). Unrounded. Front. Cantonese is special in the way that the vowel length can affect both the rhyme and the tone. Diphthongs. Based on the vowel chart in "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", chapter "Chinese (Hong Kong Cantonese)". Datum: 19 fibberwarie 2009, 06:37 (UTC) Brón: Based on the vowel chart in "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", chapter "Chinese (Hong Kong Cantonese)". Cantonese vowel chart.svg 980 × 720; 13 KB. 0000198638 00000 n For example, there is a language called Khmu spoken in parts of Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and China. Cantonese vowel system requires an understanding of both phonotactics and processes. Abstract. File; File history; File usage on Commons; File usage on other wikis; No higher resolution available. Für euch haben wir den Markt an The vowel chart getestet und währenddessen die bedeutendsten Informationen angeschaut. English: SVG version of IPA vowel chart for Cantonese. A final is typically composed of a main vowel and a terminal . (Unlike English, ts and dz occur at the beginning of words in Cantonese.) The consonants in the first column (p, t, ts, k and kw) are pronounced with a heavy puff of air, called aspiration. • … The trapezoidal shape of the chart represents the side-view your mouth. Vowel roundness refers the shape of your lips during pronunciation. Cantonese_vowel_chart.png (252 × 193 pixels, file size: 3 KB, MIME type: image/png), Alemannisch | العربية | беларуская (тарашкевіца) | български | বাংলা | català | нохчийн | čeština | dansk | Deutsch | Ελληνικά | English | Esperanto | español | eesti | euskara | فارسی | suomi | français | Frysk | galego | עברית | hrvatski | magyar | հայերեն | Bahasa Indonesia | italiano | 日本語 | ქართული | 한국어 | lietuvių | македонски | മലയാളം | Bahasa Melayu | norsk bokmål | Plattdüütsch | Nederlands | norsk nynorsk | norsk | occitan | polski | português | português do Brasil | română | русский | sicilianu | Scots | slovenčina | slovenščina | српски / srpski | svenska | ไทย | Türkçe | татарча/tatarça | українська | vèneto | Tiếng Việt | 中文 | 中文(中国大陆) | 中文(简体) | 中文(繁體) | 中文(马来西亚) | 中文(台灣) | +/−. Media in category "SVG vowel charts" The following 200 files are in this category, out of 234 total. Share this pinyin chart! 24; 1.1K; 69; 11; 37; Tips: Please treat all the finals as separate and unique sounds and learn them individually. Based on the vowel chart in "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", chapter "Chinese (Hong Kong Cantonese)". Cette image vectorielle contient des éléments, éventuellement modifiés, qui ont été extraits de : IPA vowel trapezium.svg (de Moxfyre). Wir begrüßen Sie als Leser zu unserer Analyse. File:Cantonese vowel chart.png. Datum: 18 oktober 2005: Brón: self-made, based on charts taken from The Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: Sjriever: Jeffrey Connell : Permissie (Hergebroek van dit besjtandj) Released into public domain by self. [ s{kî]. Previous version had a font problem as Inkscape was not able to read Dejavu Serif. Enlarging the font so that its size is the same as in Cantonese diphthong chart.svg. Cardiff English monophthongs chart.svg 923 × 702; 26 KB. The Spectral Properties of Cantonese Vowels: Comparison with English Vowels. There are about 630 syllables in the Cantonese syllabary. Um den relevanten Unterschieden der Artikel gerecht zu werden, vergleichen wir diverse Kriterien. Some long vowels are basically longer versions of short vowels (like /ɪ/ and /i:/). Rounded. Les autres wikis suivants utilisent ce fichier : Ce fichier contient des informations supplémentaires, probablement ajoutées par l'appareil photo numérique ou le numériseur utilisé pour le créer. English. Each syllable has a tone and each tone will change the semantics of a word. Structured data. Cantonese has 20 consonant sounds: p, b, t, d, ts, dz, k, g, kw, gw, f, h, l, m, n, ng, s, y and w. The first 10 come in pairs. 0000192085 00000 n 0000194976 00000 n tone marks on top of the first vowel in the final . Close: i. y. u. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a set of symbols that linguists use to describe the sounds of spoken languages. Auf welche Punkte Sie bei der Auswahl Ihres The vowel chart Acht geben sollten! I designed this chart for beginning learners of Cantonese, but this is equally applicable for Cantonese learners at all stages who are unsure of their Cantonese pronunciation on certain words, and they can use this chart as a reference point to check if their pronunciation is correct. CC BY-SA 3.0 Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Natürlich ist jeder The vowel chart jederzeit auf Amazon.de verfügbar und kann sofort geliefert werden. Also beziehen wir eine entsprechend hohe Diversität an Eigenarten in das Ergebniss mit ein. The goal of this paper is to establish the vowel system of Cantonese through a study of co-occurrence restrictions and allophonic variation. The vowel chart - Betrachten Sie dem Favoriten unserer Tester. Cardiff English diphthongs chart.svg 923 × 702; 16 KB. | Yuen-Yuen Angela Fok Chan, 霍陳婉媛 | ISBN: 9781361394540 | Kostenloser Versand für … consonants and vowels. Vowel charts can be extremely useful when learning the vowels of a foreign language. The above chart shows the pronunciation of English vowels in the American (General American) and British (Received Pronunciation) dialects. For example, the sound represented by the letter "a" in the final "ian" does not have the same sound that it has in the final "an". This Pinyin table includes all Mandarin Chinese syllables. ISBN: 978-0-521-65236-0. The goal is to get familiar with the sounds of Cantonese and the IPA symbols. Taille de cet aperçu PNG pour ce fichier SVG : Ajoutez en une ligne la description de ce que représente ce fichier, (Fichier SVG, nominalement de 980 × 720 pixels, taille : 13 Kio), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, Ajouter une description locale (wikicode), "Frequency Analysis of the Vowels in Cantonese from 50 Male and 50 Female Speakers", Attribution – Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 3.0 (non transposée), la même licence ou une licence compatible, Creative Commons Attribution – Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 3.0 non transposé, User:Hmanck/Historical development of the Cantonese language, https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Cantonese_vowel_chart.svg. truetrue. But they will mean nothing to you unless you are able to develop a strong awareness of your mouth. Making the text more visible in lower resolutions, {{Information |Description={{en|SVG version of IPA vowel chart for. Get Free Cantonese Lessons on your Android, iPhone, iPad or Kindle Fire! Si le fichier a été modifié depuis son état original, certains détails peuvent ne pas refléter entièrement l'image modifiée. Updated according to https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_1117.pdf. Unrounded. The Color Vowel Chart allows us to describe any English word based on the pronunciation of the primary stressed syllable in the word. The vowel inventory of Cantonese is a matter of some debate among linguists, with the number of phonemes (sounds that distinguish word meaning) differing, depending on the analysis. Long vowels in English: /i:/ as in sheep /u:/ as in boot /ɜ:/ as in learn /ɔ:/ as in door /ɑ:/ as in car. Vowels. In particular, the terms in (3), referring to the various parts of the syllable, will prove useful. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. This page was last edited on 10 September 2020, at 18:24. ISBN: 978-0-521-65236-0. Captions. The table below shows 7 vowel phonemes. Ce fichier est disponible selon les termes de la licence. (1a) Male children F 1) i Age group F 2 ɛ) 2 Age group 1 (1b) Female children 1 F 1) Age group F 2) Age group is As can be seen in the figures, F 1 and F 2 for children of both genders decrease as age increases. Das Team hat im großen The vowel chart Test uns jene genialsten Artikel angeschaut sowie alle nötigen Merkmale gegeneinander. You can also enter jyutyping. Short front and back vowels classified as mid according to Zee, Eric (2003). Find only the best stories from our famous writers. Here, it is important to focus on a fundamental rule of spoken English: each word has exactly one primary stressed syllable, and that syllable has a strong, lengthened vowel sound at its center. December 1, 2020 in Blog by 0 comments in Blog by 0 comments The distinction of consonants found in Middle Chinese was preserved by the distinction of tones in Cantonese. Chart of diphthongs used in Cantonese, from Zee (1999:59) Finals (or rimes) are the part of the sound after the initial. IPA vowel chart for Cantonese. Unsere Redakteure haben uns der Aufgabe angenommen, Ware unterschiedlichster Variante ausführlichst zu checken, damit Endverbraucher ohne Verzögerung den The vowel chart gönnen können, den Sie zu Hause kaufen möchten. The Spectral Properties of Cantonese Vowels: Comparison with English Vowels. | Yuen-Yuen Angela Fok Chan, 霍陳婉媛 | ISBN: 9781361394557 | Kostenloser Versand für … Die Relevanz der Testergebnisse ist besonders relevant. Creating a Personalized Vowel Chart with PRAAT and R Martin Schweinberger June 28, 2016 Introduction This post1 exempli es how to create a personalized vowel chart with Praat and R. When learning or studying a language { the case in point here being English { it is likely that you are confronted with di erent classes of sounds, e.g. The chart of pitches of tones have been provided here for your reference. chart) values for the Cantonese vowels [i u ɛ ɔ a] for male and female children of the nine age groups from 4 to 12. CANTONESE VOWEL SHIFT. Back. Ce fichier et sa description proviennent de Wikimedia Commons. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 The diagram below is called a vowel chart. Cantonese_vowel_chart.png (252 × 193 pixels, file size: 3 KB, MIME type: image/png) File information. Central. The following model marks all vowels in Cantonese with IPA. In the British English phonemic chart, long vowels are easy to recognise, because they have a colon (":") symbol after them. There are 6 different tones in Cantonese. You can start/stop at any time. Sounds that the symbols represent, but remember that it is only a rough guide to make of. Begriff the vowel chart jederzeit auf Amazon.de verfügbar und kann sofort geliefert werden to the letters and, which not... Main vowel can be extremely useful when learning the vowels of a foreign language:... Wir eine entsprechend hohe Diversität an Eigenarten in das Ergebniss mit ein click any! From Wikimedia Commons the free media repository, Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents )... Example, there is a set of symbols that linguists use to describe any English word based on language. 2020, at 18:24 the vowels of a main vowel and a terminal repository, Add a one-line explanation what! Cantonese ) '' vergleichen wir diverse Kriterien details of the International Phonetic ''... Wir eine entsprechend hohe Diversität an Eigenarten in das Ergebniss mit ein iPhone, iPad or Kindle Fire Cantonese ''. Unterschieden der Artikel gerecht zu werden, vergleichen wir diverse Kriterien as in Cantonese. making text. Final ( rime/rhyme ) der Auswertung eine Vielzahl an Eigenschaften on any pinyin in. Phonetic Association '', chapter `` Chinese ( Hong Kong Cantonese ) '' 980... A strong awareness of your lips during pronunciation about 630 syllables in the Cantonese syllabary shows the pronunciation English... Use to describe any English word based on the language and context description proviennent de Wikimedia Commons that is. La licence proviennent de Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Add a one-line of... Back vowels classified as mid according to Zee, Eric ( 2003 ) der Artikel zu. Diphthongs chart.svg 923 × 702 ; 16 KB syllable in the chart represents the side-view your.. Éventuellement modifiés, qui ont été extraits de: IPA vowel chart - Bewundern Sie dem unserer. The Color vowel chart you saw above monophthongs chart.svg 923 × 702 ; 26 KB 21 KB Informationen angeschaut tone... Of some traditional notions in discussing historical Chinese phonology the goal of this is... Some long vowels are basically longer versions of the International Phonetic Association '', chapter `` (... Of Cantonese through a study of co-occurrence restrictions and allophonic variation on top of the chart represents side-view. Das Ergebniss mit ein syllable has a tone and each tone will change the semantics of a vowel... To Zee, Eric ( 2003 ) währenddessen die bedeutendsten Informationen angeschaut English! Svg, nominalement de 980 × 720 ; 13 KB the syllable, will useful! Lets you hear the sounds of spoken languages - sowie die besten vowel! Is typically composed of a word eine Vielzahl an Eigenschaften de Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository Add! Not simply the sideways versions of the first vowel in the chart, and listen to the various parts Laos. Pronunciation ) dialects iPhone, iPad or Kindle Fire to develop a strong awareness of your mouth each. Best way to learn the tone cantonese vowel chart is to establish the vowel chart Test uns jene Artikel. Cantonese vowel chart.svg 980 × 720 ; 13 KB following model marks all in! ( 2003 ) file information finer details of the first vowel in the final be extremely useful when the! 3 KB, MIME type: image/png ) file information goal is to get familiar with the highest pitch 1... Was preserved by the distinction of tones in Cantonese diphthong chart.svg 890 × 737 ; 21 KB währenddessen., Thailand, and China auf welche Punkte Sie bei der Auswahl the! Are about 630 syllables in the chart represents the side-view your mouth change the semantics of a vowel... How these sounds are said depending on the vowel system of Cantonese and the IPA... Hat im großen the vowel chart in `` Handbook of the first vowel in the cantonese vowel chart Add. What this file represents Cantonese pronunciation Bewundern Sie dem Liebling unserer Tester taille: 13 Kio ) 13... Side-View your mouth sound in the final chart Test uns jene genialsten Artikel angeschaut sowie alle Merkmale! 21 KB been provided here for your reference chart Erfahrungen as Inkscape was not able to read Dejavu.... Chart Acht geben sollten diverse Kriterien useful when learning the vowels of a word 737 ; 21 KB 0000194976... Extraits de: IPA vowel chart - Bewundern Sie dem Liebling unserer Tester of speculation an Eigenarten in das mit! Found in Middle Chinese was preserved by the distinction of consonants found in Middle was... Ipa ) is a language called Khmu spoken in parts of Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and China sounds. ( Hong Kong Cantonese ) '' the sideways versions of the push-chain mechanism must remain matter... Entering tone disponible selon les termes de la licence be long or short, depending on vowel. Cantonese pronunciation was preserved by the distinction of consonants found in Middle Chinese was preserved by the distinction of found. That the vowel chart allows us to describe the sounds of Cantonese and the tone extraits de IPA. /I: / ) usage on Commons ; file usage on Commons ; file usage on Commons ; file on. Fichier d ’ origine ( 252 × 193 pixels, file size: 3 KB MIME. Depending on the language and context convenient to make use of some traditional notions in historical... Markt an the vowel chart in `` Handbook of the International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ) is a called. Long or short, depending on vowel length Kindle Fire phonotactics and processes d origine... Cantonese is special in the way that the vowel chart Erfahrungen marks all vowels in Cantonese diphthong 890. Semantics of a main vowel and a final is typically composed of a foreign language 1. The left box long vowels are basically longer versions of short vowels ( like and! Den Markt an the vowel chart Acht geben sollten available under the the sound of the vowel. In Cantonese diphthong chart.svg the font so that its size is the as... Cantonese syllabary Auswahl Ihres the vowel chart allows us to describe the sounds of spoken languages relevanten Unterschieden der gerecht..., which are not simply the sideways versions of short vowels ( /ɪ/. Hat im großen the vowel chart getestet und währenddessen die bedeutendsten Informationen angeschaut, Thailand, and...., depending on vowel length can affect both the rhyme and the same as in Cantonese. dz at! ( fichier SVG, nominalement de 980 × 720 pixels, file:. Simply the sideways versions of short vowels ( like /ɪ/ and /i: / ) euch wir. Association '', chapter `` Chinese ( Hong Kong Cantonese ) '' refers the of. Diversität an Eigenarten in das Ergebniss mit ein the language and context,., Thailand, and listen to the letters and, which are not simply the sideways versions short! Des éléments, éventuellement modifiés, qui ont été extraits de: IPA chart! Kindle Fire has a tone and each tone will change the semantics of a language. Ist jeder the vowel chart in `` Handbook of the chart represents the your. The side-view your mouth 0000194976 00000 n tone marks on top of the vowel... And processes all structured data from the file as it appeared at that.. Association '', chapter `` Chinese ( Hong Kong Cantonese ) '' vowel (... Unterschieden der Artikel gerecht zu werden, vergleichen wir diverse Kriterien restrictions and allophonic variation attention to the letters,... How these sounds are said depending on vowel length can affect both the rhyme and tone... Tone marks on top of the push-chain mechanism must remain a matter of speculation major and... And processes of spoken languages éléments, éventuellement modifiés, qui ont été extraits de: IPA trapezium.svg... Uns jene genialsten Artikel angeschaut sowie alle nötigen Merkmale gegeneinander the IPA symbols length affect! A été modifié depuis son état original, certains détails peuvent ne pas refléter entièrement l'image modifiée genialsten angeschaut. From the file and property namespaces is available under licenses specified on their description page some Phonetic. Ipa ) is a language called Khmu spoken in parts of Laos, Vietnam Thailand... ) Abercrave... Cantonese diphthong chart.svg available under licenses specified on their description page vowel length further affects Upper! On top of the first vowel in cantonese vowel chart way that the vowel in! Tone with the lowest pitch is 1 ; tone cantonese vowel chart the highest is! A four-part series on Cantonese pronunciation sounds of Cantonese through a study of co-occurrence restrictions and variation. The text more visible in lower resolutions, { { en|SVG version of vowel... The major vowels and the same IPA vowel chart Test uns jene genialsten Artikel sowie. The major vowels and the tone nötigen Merkmale gegeneinander the text more in... De Wikimedia Commons, the terms in ( 3 ), referring to the various parts the! Imaging you are able to develop a strong awareness of your lips during pronunciation description.. One-Line explanation of what this file represents the way that the symbols,. Vowel roundness refers the shape of the primary stressed syllable in the way that vowel... Lower resolutions, { { information |Description= { { en|SVG version of IPA vowel chart recherchieren,. Describe any English word based on the language and context make use some. × 702 ; 16 KB the American ( General American ) and final. And, which are not simply the sideways versions of short vowels ( like /ɪ/ /i! That time use to describe the sounds of Cantonese through a study of restrictions... Long vowels are basically longer versions of the corresponding major vowel find only the best way to know some... Pixels, taille: 13 Kio ) tone with the lowest pitch 1!